Modern antenna measurements and diagnostics including phaseless techniques
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICATT.1997.1235183Abstract
Microwave antenna imaging techniques are a practical and popular method for antenna diagnostic analysis. Phase retrieval methods, however, are just beginning to emerge as an alternative mircowave antenna measurements technique when phase cannot be directly measured. This article focuses on recent advances in microwave antenna imaging, diagnostic techniques, and phase retrieval methods for bi-polar planar near-field antenna measurements. An overview of the bi-polar planar near-field technique is included. The application of optimal sampling interpolation, holographic imaging and diagnostics, and iterative Fourier phase retrieval for the bi-polar planar near-field modality is explored in detail. Experimental results for a waveguide-fed slot array antenna are presented to illustrate these methods.References
Williams, L.I.; Rahmat-Samii, Y.; Yaccarino, R.G. The bi-polar planar near-field measurement technique, part I: implementation and measurement comparisons. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., 1994, Vol. 42, p. 184-195.
Yaccarino, R.G.; Williams, L.I.; Rahmat-Samii, Y. The bi-polar planar near-field measurement technique, part II: near-field to far-field transformation and holographic imaging methods. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., 1994, Vol. 42, p. 196-204.
Rahmat-Samii, Y.; Williams, L.I.; Yaccarino, R.G. The UCLA bi-polar planar-near field antenna-measurement and diagnostics range. IEEE Antenna Propagat. Mag., 1995, Vol. 37, p. 16-35.
Antonets, M.A.; et. al. NIRPHI Preprint No. 279, Gorky, USSR, 1989.
Yaccarino, P.G.; Williams, L.I.; Rahmat-Samii, Y. Linear spiral sampling for the bi-polar planar near-field antenna measurement technique. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., 1996, Vol. 44, p. 1049-1051.
Kerns, D.M. Plane-Wave Scattering-Matrix Theory of Antennas and Antenna- Antenna Interactions, National Bureau of Standards, Monograph 162, June 1981.
Succi, O.; Gennarelli, C.; Savarese, C. Fast and accurate near-field far-field transformation by sampling interpolation of plane polar measurements. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., 1991, Vol. 39, p. 48-55.
Anderson, A.P. Microwave holography. Proc. IEE, 1977, Vol. 124, p. 946-962.
Rahmat-Samii, Y. Surface diagnosis of large reflector antennas using microwave holographic metrology: an iterative approach. Radio Science, 1984, Vol. 19, p. 1205-1217.
Lee, J.J.; Ferren, E.M.; Woolen, D.P.; Lee, K.M. Near-field probe used as a diagnostic tool to locale defective elements in an array antenna. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., 1988, Vol. 36, p. 884-889.
Ludwig, A.C. The definition of cross polarization. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., 1973, Vol. 21, p. 116-119.
Goodman, J.W. Introduction to Fourier Optics. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1968.
Taylor, L.S. The phase retrieval problem. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., 1981, Vol. 29, p. 386-391.
Fienup, J.R. Phase retrieval algorithms: a comparison. Applied Optics, 1982, Vol. 21, p. 2758-2769.
Gerchberg, R.W.; Saxton, W.O. A practical algorithm for the determination of phase from image and diffraction plane Dictures. Optik, 1972, Vol. 35, p. 237-246.
Misell, D.L. A method for the solution of the phase problem in electron microscopy. J. Phys. D, Appl. Phys., 1973, Vol. 6, p. L6-L9.
Anderson, A.P.; Sali, S. New possibilities for phaseless microwave diagnostics, part I: error reduction techniques. IEE Proc., 1985, Vol. 132, p. 291-298.
Iseraia, T.; Leone, G.; Pierri, R. Radiation pattern evaluation from near-field intensities on planes. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., 1996, Vol. 44, p. 701-710.
Yaccarino, R.G.; Rahmat-Samii, Y. Phaseless bi-poiar near-field measurements: a squared amplitude interpolation/iterative Fourier algorithm. 17th Annual AKITA Symp. Dig., Williamsburg, VA, 1995, p. 195-200.
